What principle is the motor of electric vehicle made
2024-10-08
The manufacturing principle of electric vehicle motors is mainly based on the law of electromagnetic induction, which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the vehicle. There are two main types of electric vehicle motors: DC motors and AC motors. Their respective working principles are as follows:
The working principle of DC motor
DC motor is composed of two parts: stator and rotor. The stator is equipped with magnetic poles (winding or permanent magnet), and the rotor is equipped with windings. When energized, the magnetic fields between the stator and the rotor interact, causing the motor to start rotating. The DC motor can realize the mutual conversion between DC electrical energy and mechanical energy. When running as a motor, it converts electrical energy into mechanical energy to drive the electric vehicle; when running as a generator, it converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.
The working principle of AC motor
The AC motor generates a rotating magnetic field on the stator through alternating current, and the rotor generates an induced current in the rotating magnetic field, and then starts to rotate under the action of Lorentz force. AC motors include asynchronous motors whose rotor speed is lower than the speed of the rotating magnetic field. The rotating magnetic field is generated through capacitive phase shifting, which pushes the rotor to rotate.
Types and Applications of Electric Vehicle Motors
The main motor types used in electric vehicles are permanent magnet motors and series motors. The permanent magnet motor contains permanent magnets in the rotor or stator, and the other part of the stator and rotor is a wire package wound by enameled wire. The permanent magnet motor is more energy-saving than the series motor, but the magnet of the permanent magnet motor is afraid of high temperature and is easy to demagnetize when the quality is poor. Series motors do not have permanent magnets and do not have this problem.
Driving mode of electric vehicle motor
The electric vehicle motor directly drives the rear wheels, converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, and drives the rear wheels to rotate to make the vehicle move forward. This driving method is efficient and reduces energy loss and noise, so that the electric vehicle has lower energy consumption and higher power performance. The small size and light weight of the electric vehicle motor make the vehicle more compact and flexible.
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